Engine oil grades explained pdf

So to sum everything up, the engine oil grading system has a low temperature and high temperature rating provided to choose the oil from as explained above. The ci4 performance requirements describe oils for use in those high speed, fourstroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standards, to be implemented october 2002. There are so many people that simply dont understand viscosity grade in the automotive trade that its worrying, thats why we. To make sure that the right oil is used motorcycle manufacturers usually require the oil to meet one of the jaso standards explained below. In an automobile, an engine oil is used to reduce the friction and ensure smooth functioning of the various parts in an engine. This is a fixed limit and all oils that end in 40 must achieve these limits. The viscosity grade of a lube oil is determined by the society of automotive engineers sae.

Oils displaying these marks meet performance requirements set by u. Whereas the labeling on the bottle of engine oil may suggest the product is a 5w30, note, if there is no w between the 5 and the 30 it may not be a 5w30. When you see a w on a viscosity rating it means that this oil viscosity has been tested at a colder temperature. Society of automotive engineers sae american petroleum institute api association des constructeurs europeens dautomobiles acea read our understanding engine oil designations factsheet pdf 221kb. Oil labelling explained technical matters back room. For instance, an sae 80w gear lubricant may have the same viscosity as an sae 20w or sae 30 engine oil and sae 90 gear lubricant viscosity can be similar to that of an sae 40. Optimization of different grades engine oil viscosity. Engine oil codes explained hindi jeet rathee in this video, i will tell you about engine oil grades and how to decode the viscosity numbers on the engine oil bottles. Refer to your owners manual for type of oil to use. The european automobile manufacturers association or association des constructeurs europeens dautomobiles in french, hence the acea abbreviation is an organization that represents the 15 most important european motor vehicle manufacturers. A viscometer is used to determine the viscosity of engine oil.

Gasoline is mainly used as an engine fuel in vehicles. You will see oil viscosity measurement in lube articles stated in kinematic kv and absolute cst terms. Model model year from model year to model codeengine size engine designation fuel type capacity l oil grade oil viscosity column1 engine oil grades and capacities picanto. Mar 21, 2019 if an unopened container of engine oil is more than three years old, read the labels to make sure they meet the latest industry standards. Although gear oil viscosity is not the same as that of engine oil, it is rated in centistokes. There are so many people that simply dont understand viscosity grade in the automotive trade that its worrying, thats why we have the information below. Saes j300 standard, first published in 1911 and revised numerous times since, classifies oil into 11 viscosity grades 0w, 5w. Knowing lube type and grade can alert an analyst to depletion levels and help in determining if lube mixing has occurred. Here are the three types of engine oils available for every motorcycle. This ensures that even in cold climates, oil will start to flow through engine oil ways immediately, providing lubrication to critical engine parts.

Lets take a look at the grading of motor oil by sae. The 5 refers to the viscosity in cold weather and the w stands for winter. A car in death valley would need a higher number to keep the oil from thinning out too much. For instance, an sae 90 gear lube is comparable in viscosity to an sae 50 or sae 40 engine oil. Take note that a w grade winter grade indicates testing at a colder temperature. So an engine oil labelled 5w30 c1, c2 or c3 is a 5w30 grade oil suitable for cars fitted with dpfs. En gine oil guide apis service symbol and certification mark identify quality engine oils for gasolineand dieselpowered vehicles. The w in the gear oil viscosity grade is for winter grade, like in engine oil viscosity. Jul 02, 2017 engine oil grades is a scale developed by sae society of automotive engineers to indicate the engine oil performance at working temperature. Oil viscosity and weight explained with chart to pick the. Obviously, it is easier for thinner oil to flow across into the engine. Once again the lower the number, the thinner the oil.

Page 4 of 15 acea acea 2016 european oil sequences for servicefill oils december 2016 consumer language ab. Sae viscosity grades viscosity table and viscosity chart. Petroleum products can also be made from coal, natural gas, and biomass. Engine oil grades and capacities page 1 oil chart v18. Multi grades engine oil is used today for all seasons, in the past they car owners used engine oil in winter and oil for summer season 2. Crude oil is a fossil fuel, and it exists in liquid form in underground pools or reservoirs, in tiny spaces within sedimentary rocks, and near the surface in tar or oil sands. The 30 reflects the viscosity grade of the oil when the engine temperature is at. Viscosity is notated using the common classification xwxx. Different oil types can work best at certain temperatures. First, narrow the options down by choosing the closestrelated category to your question. Jun 26, 2014 obviously, it is easier for thinner oil to flow across into the engine. The first number ends with the letter w, which stands for winter.

Api fa4 oils are designed to provide enhanced protection against oil oxidation, viscosity loss due to shear, and oil aeration as well as protection against catalyst poisoning, particulate filter blocking, engine wear, piston deposits, degradation of low and hightemperature properties, and sootrelated viscosity increase. It should be noticed that there is no relationship between the sae engine oil and gear oil classifications. Here we explain what descriptions like 0w20 and 5w40 actually mean. This is important in cold climates since it will take longer for the oil to warm and flow free throughout the engine. The number preceding the w winter rates the oils flow viscosity at zero degrees fahrenheit 17.

Oil labelling explained technical matters back room forum. Oils can be separated into multigrade oils and monograde oils. Multigrade oil satisfies the viscosity requirements of one of the w grades at low temperatures and one of the nonw grades at high temperature. This sixpage laminated guide is designed to help consumers understand the api engine oil quality marksthe api certification mark starburst, the api certification mark shield and the api service symbol donutand the api service categories. To be blunt about the subject, if a bottle of oil does not contain the. Sae 30 warmer temperatures, most common oil for small engines sae 10w30 varying temperature range, this grade of oil improves coldweather starting, but may increase oil consumption synthetic sae 5w30 best protection at all temperatures as well as improved starting with less oil. The word viscosity describes how easily an engine oil flows. Standard test method for evaluation of automotive engine oils in the sequence viii sparkignition engine clr oil test engine 1. Backward compatible, provides protection for a variety of older and newer engines. Motor oil is a lubricant used in internal combustion engines, which power cars, motorcycles, lawnmowers, engine generators, and many other machines.

Not suitable for use in most dieselpowered engines built after 1961. If your car has a dpf be sure to check if c1, c2 or c3 specification oil is required. May 01, 2017 this particular video supports my other video on engine oil codes explained. Automotive lubricant viscosity grades 1 engine oils. All leading brands have one for service level sl, available in several viscosities. If they do meet the current standards, its wise to take the extra precaution of obtaining oil analysis before using them. Not suitable for use in most dieselpowered engines built after 1959. Just to confuse everyone, many car makers have their own grades of oil that must be used in specific models. Simply put, viscosity is the oil s resistance to flow or, for the layman, an oil s speed of flow as measured through a device known as a viscometer. Motor oil, engine oil, or engine lubricant is any of various substances comprising base oils enhanced with various additives, particularly antiwear additive in addition to detergents, dispersants and, for multi grade oils, viscosity index improvers. For highspeed, fourstroke engines designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standards implemented. The difference with this video is that i go onto more detail by explaining more on viscosity and how it relates to heat.

If you love your car, then you know just how important its engine is. Specifications or descriptions other than those given here, for example high lubricity oil, fully synthetic etc. The 40 in a 10w40 simply means that the oil must fall within certain viscosity limits at 100c. Higher viscosity numbers indicate thicker oils because they take longer to flow through the viscometer when tested. It is rare that an oil will fall into one viscosity range, so centistokes cst are taken into account, which more accurately show oil viscosity. The society of automotive engineers developed a scale for both engine motor oil grades and transmission oils.

The 5 in 5w30, denotes the viscosity of the oil when the engine is cold. Engine parts are made from metal and their action brings loss to each other through friction. The time on both the oil and the unit and the units of measurement used as well as whether or not there was an oil or filter change can provide an analyst with a much better picture of the results and. The main function of motor oil is to reduce friction and wear on. A gear lubricant and an engine oil having the same viscosity will have widely different sae viscosity grade designations as defined in the two viscosity classifications. The numbers without the w are all tested at 210 f or 100 c which is considered an approximation of engine operating temperature. Taking good care of the cars engine is a must and an inherent responsibility for every individual who owns a vehicle. During winter and for cars used in cooler regions, your engine will benefit from using oil with low winter viscosity.

This post may seem like going back to basics but i am constantly surprised by the amount of people who do not know or understand what is written on a bottle of oil and therefore no idea of what they are buyingusing. The sae wanted a system that reflected the suitability of an oil for use as an engine lubricant and was easy for the consumer to understand. Engine oil types,uses,grades explained in hindi youtube. Their initial specification defined five different numbered grades for motor oil 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50. Types of motor oil how to pick the right engine oil.

Dec 17, 2019 the w in the gear oil viscosity grade is for winter grade, like in engine oil viscosity. There are two numbers that define the viscosity of an oil. An oil analysis will check for key properties of the oil and ensure that it still. Model code engine size engine designation fuel type capacity l oil grade oil viscosity carens 2000 2006 fc, fj 1. An engine in a colder climate, where motor oil tends to thicken because of lower temperatures, would benefit from 0w or 5w viscosity. Whether you have questions pertaining to motor oil performance, synthetic oils or how to recycle your used oil, you can get the answers youre looking for below. Motor oil viscosity grades explained in laymans terms. Thats where multiweight or multi grade oils enter the picture. Most of the gasoline that petroleum refineries produce is actually unfinished gasoline or gasoline blendstocks. In engines, there are parts which move against each other, and the friction wastes otherwise useful power by converting the kinetic energy to heat. The 40 in a 10w40 simply means that the oil must fall within certain viscosity limits at 100 degc. The viscosity of an oil is measured by its resistance to flow. Oil viscosity grades with a w were formulated for cold temperatures, while viscosity grades without the w were suited for higher temperatures.

The second number after the w indicates the oil s viscosity measured at 212 degrees fahrenheit 100 degrees celsius. The grades were based on flow rates measured at 210 f 100 c as shown in the table to the left. When using cj4 oil with higher than 15 ppm sulfur fuel, consult the engine manufacturer for service interval. A lower w viscosity rating results in less engine wear because the oil can run quicker through the engine. Gasoline and diesel engine oils high saps a1b1 category is removed with these oil sequences. The thicker higher viscosity of an oil, the slower it will flow.

Petroleum products are fuels made from crude oil and other hydrocarbons contained in natural gas. Oil with a 5w30 grade thins out more quickly at high temperatures as compared to oils with a 5w40 grade. Hence for that reason higher grade oil is more beneficial so that the oil holds its viscosity even at higher temperatures and provides the best engine performance. The classification is based on the results of the jaso t 904. It specifies the viscosity grade required for your cars engine. Gasoline is a fuel made from crude oil and other petroleum liquids. Motor oil is used for lubrication of internal combustion engines. Before the development of viscosity modifiers in the 1940s allowed the manufacture of multigrade motor oils, motorists commonly had to switch viscosity grades in their vehicles with the seasons.

For instance, oil with a 5w30 grade thickens less than oil with a 10w30 grade in cold weather. These oils are compounded for use in all applications with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 0. So 5w30 viscosity engine oil thickens less in the cold than a 10w30, but more than a 0w30. If you find it necessary to mix brands of oil, use the same viscosity grade. But when temperatures rises, engines need the oil to stay thick as the engine reaches operating temperature. Engine oils sold in australia are covered by oil classification systems. The 30 or 40 refers to the oil flow at higher engine temperatures. Understanding engine oil designations engine oils racq. This is the point where engine oil comes into action and saves the engine. Even if every other component is used from a top notch manufacturer, a not so well maintained engine will ruin your quality riding.

In other words, a sae 30 motor oil is the same viscosity as a 10w30 or 5w30 at 210 100 c. Pas seng er ca r mot or oil typical sae viscosity grades for passenger cars 0w20, 0w30, 5w20, 5w30, 10w30, 10w40, 20w50. Petroleum refineries and blending facilities produce motor gasoline for sale at retail gasoline fueling stations. Though it is always better to stick to the engine oil recommended by your manufacturer, but if you are willing to change to some other brand of engine oil, always make sure to get the. A downloadable motor oil guide shelf card is available in pdf format. Engine oil grade viscosity explained find out exactly what grades are, and what the w really stands for, plus much much more. One example of multi grade engine oil is 10w40, the letter w means winter, not weight or watt or anything else and the other numbers show that the oil has maximum viscosity at. Once again the lower the number the thinner the oil, a 30 oil is thinner than a 40 oil at 100 degc etc. Nov 30, 2004 the ci4 performance requirements describe oils for use in those high speed, fourstroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standards, to be implemented october 2002. Multigrade oils must fulfill two viscosity specifications, their viscosity grade consists of two numbers, e. A multi grade oil is one whose low temperature viscosity and borderline temperature satisfy the requirements of one of the w grades and whose viscosity at 100oc is within the stipulated range of onew grades. Your handbook will specify whether a 30, 40 or 50 etc is required. The ilsac gf6a specification will replace the ilsac gf5 specification and would provide a new performance level for engine oils for spark ignition internal combustion engines.